EnigmA Amiga Run 1996 February

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The Two Meg Agnus Project Revision 5.0D Copyright 1992, 1993 Structured Applications & Designs, Inc. Dedicated to the memory of Miguel and to his family: Irene, Justin and Chelcie. Written and Edited by Neil Coito and Michael Cianflone Amiga and Kickstart are registered trademarks of Commodore-Amiga ********************************************************************** Four Sentence Overview Of What This Thing Is: The Two Meg Agnus Project increases the amount of "chip" RAM in an Amiga 500 or 2000 to 2 megabytes. Chip RAM is where the graphics and sound data are stored. Even though you may have plenty of "fast" RAM, if you run out of "chip" RAM then you will not be able to open any more windows or screens and hence, no more programs. See the section titled "COMPATIBILITY" to determine if your machine will work with this project. ********************************************************************** INDEX: 1. Included Files 2. Disclaimer 3. Compatibility 4. General Information 5. The Two Meg Agnus Project Parts List 6. Ordering Information 6a. Shipping And Packaging Prices 7. Theory Of Operation 8. Assembly Of The Two Meg Agnus Project 8a. Soldering Tips 8b. Getting Ready 9. Installation Of The Two Meg Agnus Project 9a. For A Revision 5 And Below Amiga 500 With 512k Chip Ram 9b. For A Revision 6 And Above Amiga 500 With 512k Chip Ram 9c. Installation Instructions For The 2000 Systems 9d. For An Amiga 2000 With 512k Of Chip Ram And 512k Of Fast Ram On The Motherboard 10. Testing The Computer With The Two Meg Agnus Installed 11. Tips For Building The Two Meg Agnus Project 12. Optional Extras For The Two Meg Agnus Project 13. Troubleshooting The Two Meg Agnus Project 14. Look For These And Other Projects From Us ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. INCLUDED FILES: The files below, and the information contained within them, are not public domain. They are copyrighted by Structured Applications & Designs, Inc. What this means is that you cannot take the design and information within the archive and make your own boards and sell them without prior written permission from us. What it does mean is that you are free to make your own board from this information whether you buy the board and parts from us or whether you wire-wrap your own. This archive may be freely copied and distributed as long as all the files remain unmodified and intact, and as long as there is no charge for them except a reasonable copying and media fee. The files included within this archive are: READMEFIRST This contains information about any changes or modifications to the project. TTMAP50D.DOC This is the file you are reading now. TTMAP50D_BOARD.IFF This is a diagram of the printed circuit board. TTMAP50D_SCHEMATIC1.IFF This is part 1 of the TTMAP50D schematics. TTMAP50D_SCHEMATIC2.IFF This is part 2 of the TTMAP50D schematics. TTMAP50D_PARTS1.IFF This is part 1 of the diagram of the parts on the TTMAP50D board. TTMAP50D_PARTS2.IFF This is part 2 of the diagram of the parts on the TTMAP50D board. TTMAP50D_LOGIC.IFF This is a graphical representation of the logic internal to the PAL. TTMAP50D_ASSEMBLY.IFF This is the assembly drawing for the board. TTMAP50D_PAL.PLD This is the file containing the PAL equations for the PAL chip. TTMAP50D_CLIP.IFF This is a diagram of how to assemble a clip lead assembly. TTMAP50D_PROBES.IFF This is a diagram of two useful test probes. PAL-NTSC_SWITCHER.IFF This is a diagram of how to attatch a mechanical switch that will let you select between PAL and NTSC display modes. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. DISCLAIMER: Although every effort has been made to eliminate errors and insure compatibility, these files come with no warranty. If there is a typing error... sorry, it's not our fault it's yours :-) Also, you are at your own risk to build The Two Meg Agnus Project (TTMAP). If you blow up your computer or burn your house down then it's not our fault. You assume all responsibility for all information taken from this archive, and for building The Two Meg Agnus Project. Basically, it's not our fault if you have any problems, though we will try to help; if you have access to a modem we can be reached at: INET: ttmaphelp@struad.cts.com If you're still with us, and if we haven't scared you off then continue reading and maybe you can build one of these nifty projects and get some more graphics memory! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. COMPATIBILITY: Works with all versions of the Amiga 500 and Amiga 2000 computers, EXCEPT old Amiga 2000 machines with the Amiga 1000 DIP style Agnus chip. If you have an Amiga 500 with only 512K of chip RAM you will need to have the 512K RAM expander in the belly slot. The thickness of the TTMAP board is 1/4" (7mm). If you have some other board that covers the Agnus socket then measure 1/4" (7mm) from the top of the Agnus socket to determine if the TTMAP board wil fit. If you do have some other board in the computer that covers the Agnus socket then see section 12 titled "OPTIONAL EXTRAS FOR THE TWO MEG AGNUS PROJECT" which talks about a 68000 socket extender that may raise the other board above the TTMAP board. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 4. GENERAL INFORMATION: The Two Meg Agnus Project allows the user of an Amiga 500, 2000, or 2500 to use the 2 meg Agnus chip and add an additional 1 megabyte of chip memory to their computer for a total of 2 megabytes of chip RAM. The Two Meg Agnus Project (TTMAP) simply plugs into the Agnus socket on the motherboard. You can build this project by obtaining all the parts yourself and wire-wrapping it together on a perfboard following the schematics, or you can order a printed circuit board and solder the parts on yourself. It is not recommended that you build this on a perfboard (although it can be done) because doing so may cause the board to fail do to noise problems, cross talk, and large amounts of capacitance on the long wires. You can also order The Two Meg Agnus Project in kit form (or you can order a completely assembled board). The kit includes most of the parts needed and includes a printed circuit board. See the section titled "THE TWO MEG AGNUS PROJECT PARTS LIST" for a detailed breakdown of the parts needed and the parts that come with the kit. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 5. THE TWO MEG AGNUS PROJECT PARTS LIST: If you order The Two Meg Agnus Project printed circuit board WITH parts, then it comes with everything listed here except those things marked "OPTIONAL" (however you can get the optional parts by simply selecting them on the order form). If you just order the printed circuit board with NO parts, then you guessed it, you just get a printed circuit board (However, please read the next paragraph!). PLEASE NOTE THAT ALL PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS, EVEN THOSE WITHOUT PARTS, COME WITH THE PLCC PLUG ALREADY INSTALLED DUE TO THE DIFFICULTY OF ITS INSTALLATION. COMPONENTS: REF# - DESCRIPTION RP1-RP3 - 47 Ohm X 5 isolated Resistor pack (10 pin SIP) C1-C9 - .01uF ceramic capacitor U1-U8 - 256x4 page mode DRAM chips 80ns or faster (20 pin DIP) U9 - PAL20L8 15ns or faster programmed with the TTMAP50D_PAL.PLD file (24 pin DIP) U10 - 2 meg Agnus 8372B part# 318069-03 (84 pin PLCC)(OPTIONAL) Some 8375B Agnus chips work also. If the part number on the chip is 318069-03 then it will work. Both the 8372B Agnus and the proper 8375B Agnus have this part number. If the Agnus does not say part number 318069-03 on the chip then it will not work. It must say 318069-03. P1 - 84 pin PLCC Plug with 50 mil spacing (All of our kits come with this $20 part already soldered to the board, even those kits sold "without parts") W1 - Clip lead assembly MISCELLANEOUS PARTS: QTY - DESCRIPTION 1 - The Two Meg Agnus Project printed circuit board 1 - 84 pin PLCC socket 1 - Insulation sheet (OPTIONAL) 1 - PLCC chip extractor (OPTIONAL) 1 - 68000 socket extender (OPTIONAL) All parts shown above are included in "The Two Meg Agnus Project" kit except for the parts marked "OPTIONAL". We can supply the parts marked "OPTIONAL" if requested on the order form. If you should damage any part during assembly, contact us and we will be more than happy to tell you how to order a replacement. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 6. ORDERING INFORMATION: To order The Two Meg Agnus Project either print out the following order form or make your own just like it and mail it, along with your payment, (make the check payable to Structured Applications & Designs, Inc.) to: Structured Applications & Designs, Inc. TTMAP P.O. Box 60414 San Diego, CA 92166 USA ----- snip 8< -------- snip 8< -------- snip 8< -------- snip 8< ----- ____ Board(s) fully ASSEMBLED, with RAM, @ $98.95 each for a total of $______ ____ Board(s) fully ASSEMBLED, with NO RAM, @ $64.95 each for a total of $______ ____ Board(s) NON-ASSEMBLED, with PARTS and with RAM, @ $89.95 each for a total of $______ ____ Board(s) NON-ASSEMBLED, with PARTS but with NO RAM, @ $54.95 each for a total of $______ ____ Board(s) NON-ASSEMBLED, with NO PARTS and NO RAM, (Bare printed circuit board) @ $50.95 each for a total of $______ NOTE: ALL KITS COME WITH THE PLCC PLUG EVEN THOSE THAT SAY 'NO PARTS'. THE PLCC PLUG WILL BE SOLDERED TO THE BOARD. Optional extras you may choose. See section 12 titled "OPTIONAL EXTRAS FOR THE TWO MEG AGNUS PROJECT" for a description of these extras. ____ 2 meg Agnus chip #318069-03 @ $35.00 each for a total of $______ ____ PLCC Agnus extractor tool(s) @ $4.95 each for a total of $______ ____ Piece(s) of insulator @ $.95 each for a total of $______ ____ 68000 socket extender @ $4.95 each for a total of $______ if in California add state sales tax $______ shipping and packaging (see below) $______ Total $[_______] NAME: ____________________________________ ADDRESS: ____________________________________ CITY/STATE/ZIP CODE: ____________________________________ COUNTRY: ____________________________________ PHONE NUMBER: __________________ INTERNET ADDRESS: __________________ Amiga model this is to be used on: 500[ ] 2000[ ] 2500[ ] (USE BACK OF THE ORDER FORM TO ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS) 1. In order to make our next project better, how do you rate this project and how could we have improved it? 2. Are there any other projects you'd like to see us do? ----- snip 8< -------- snip 8< -------- snip 8< -------- snip 8< ----- Note: DO NOT SEND CASH. Only send a check or money order. We will accept personal checks. All checks must be in US funds drawn on a US bank please, otherwise we get charged by the bank. If you're ordering from outside the US and you can't set up to have the check drawn on a US bank then the best thing to do is to send a postal money order; they will do the conversion right there. ********************************************************************* * MAKE THE CHECK PAYABLE TO: Structured Applications & Designs, Inc.* ********************************************************************* --------------------------------------------------------------------- 6a. SHIPPING AND PACKAGING PRICES: All shipping within the United States is done First Class, and all shipping done outside the United States is done by Air Mail. Shipping and Packaging: Prices are for EACH board ordered with or without parts. United States - $2.25 Canada - $2.27 Mexico - $2.30 Germany - $4.02 England - $4.02 France - $4.02 Australia - $5.12 Shipping and packaging to Europe appears to be $4.02, so if you're in Europe and we don't have a shipping price for your area then just make it $4.02 for shipping. The weight of the package is around 7.5 ounces so if you are somewhere else that we don't have a price for then you can go to the post office there and see what the shipping would be and add 35 cents for packaging. If you can't get to the post office and your country is not listed then make the shipping and packaging $5.50 and that should cover it. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 7. THEORY OF OPERATION: The Two Meg Agnus Project (TTMAP) is a circuit designed so that the owner of an Amiga 500, 2000, or 2500 can add the 2 meg Agnus, along with another megabyte of RAM, to his/her machine. The Two Meg Agnus Project contains, within its design, all the circuitry needed to mesh the motherboard's 1 meg of chip memory with the 1 meg of memory on The Two Meg Agnus Project. This interface will produce 2 megs of contiguous chip memory. At the heart of The Two Meg Agnus Project's memory controlling circuitry is a PAL (Programmable Array Logic). A PAL is a device that basically allows us to stuff many different types of logic gates into one chip. This in turn makes the final project smaller and less complicated to assemble than when using standard logic chips. The type of PAL we used in this project is a PAL20L8. In the file labeled TTMAP50D_PAL.PLD are the equations we use in this PAL. These equations are boolean equations that represent the operation of this device. As stated in its name, this device is a programmable device that we programmed to our specifications. The file TTMAP50D_LOGIC.IFF is a graphical representation using logic symbols of what the PAL is simulating. DO NOT try to duplicate this design using STANDARD logic devices. This is because the large propagation delay caused by all the ICs needed would more than likely cause the design to fail. By using a PAL with a small propagation delay we eliminate this problem. Use the diagram just for reference only. The first and probably the most difficult problem in the circuit design was to mesh the memory on both the motherboard and The Two Meg Agnus Project so that the 2 meg Agnus sees one contiguous chunk of 2 megabytes. The restrictions were: we had to use the lines coming from the motherboard's Agnus socket, and trace-cutting beyond the norm was forbidden. We decided to approach the memory as a matrix. The complete 2 megabytes of memory is divided into 4 chunks of 512K. The 1 meg of memory on the motherboard is divided into two banks of 512K. The first 512K is controlled by *RAS0 and the second 512K is controlled by *RAS1. Both banks on the motherboard are controlled by common *CASU and *CASL lines. On the computer's motherboard the *RAS, *CASU, and *CASL lines were directly controlled by the 1 meg Agnus chip. This same type of configuration was duplicated on the TTMAP board: 2 chunks of 512K. At this point we renamed the *CASU and *CASL on both 1 meg chunks of memory. The *CASU and *CASL signals on the motherboard are now *CASU0 and *CASL0 and the *CASU and *CASL signals on the TTMAP board are *CASU1 and *CASL1. On both boards *RAS0 and *RAS1 stay the same. At this point we have four chunks of memory each with a size of 512K and each chunk controlled by different lines. The first 512K is controlled by *RAS0, *CASU0, and *CASL0. The second 512K is controlled by *RAS1, *CASU0, and *CASL0. The third 512K is controlled by *RAS0, *CASU1, and *CASL1. The fourth 512K is controlled by *RAS1, *CASU1, and *CASL1. MEMORY MATRIX: *CASU0 *CASU1 *CASL0 *CASL1 ______________________________ | | | | MOTHERBOARD | TTMAP | *RAS0 | BANK1 | BANK1 | | 512K | 512K | |--------------+---------------| | MOTHERBOARD | TTMAP | *RAS1 | BANK2 | BANK2 | | 512K | 512K | |______________|_______________| As you can see in the schematic (TTMAP50D_SCHEMATIC1.IFF and TTMAP50D_SCHEMATIC2.IFF), the 2 meg Agnus chip only has *RAS, *CASU, and *CASL signals coming from it. The job of the PAL mentioned earlier above is to produce the *RAS0, *RAS1, *CASU0, *CASL0, *CASU1 and *CASL1 signals needed to access each of the four memory chunks. It does this basically by ANDing the signals with MA9 at certain times in the memory cycle. See the PAL equations to get an exact idea of what is happening in the PAL. In order for a memory location in a Dynamic RAM device to be addressed, the device must first receive the first half of its address then a *RAS (Row Address Strobe) signal, then it must receive the second half of its address and a *CAS (Column Address Strobe) signal. If these signals are received and the timing is correct, an address has been properly accessed. If the device should receive one signal and not the other then the device will not be selected and no data will be read or written. This type of addressing system is called multiplexed addressing. The first thing that happens on a memory cycle in Agnus, is that the address lines A9-A17 and A19 are place on the 2 meg Agnus' multiplexed address lines MA0-MA9. A short time after that the *RAS line from Agnus goes LOW. The *RAS0 or *RAS1 line from the PAL then goes LOW (depending on the value of MA9 at that point) and latches the ROW address into the selected RAM chips. After the ROW address is latched into the selected RAM chips, the address lines A1-A8, A18, and A20 are then placed on Agnus' multiplexed address lines MA0-MA9. The COLUMN address lines are then latched into the RAM chips by the *CAS#0 or *CAS#1 lines (depending on the value of MA9 at that point) from the PAL going LOW. Once the RAM chips have received their ROW address and COLUMN address they are now ready to be accessed. The operation to be performed on the RAM chips is determined by the control lines such as *WE (Write Enable) and *OE (Output Enable) which are set during the memory cycle. If *WE is LOW then a write operation is being performed on the RAM chips. If *OE is LOW then a read operation in being performed on the RAM chips. Note that not all dynamic RAM chips have the *OE line, on these chips when *WE is HIGH it is assumed that a read operation is taking place. The operation of this board is very simple in its decoding of the multiplexed address lines. The PAL uses address line MA9 to determine which *RAS# and *CAS# lines to activate, which in turn selects different chunks of memory. See the PAL equations, and by following the logic and the comments you should be able see how the PAL decodes the address lines and determines which part of memory is being accessed. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 8. ASSEMBLY OF THE TWO MEG AGNUS PROJECT: The assembly and testing of The Two Meg Agnus Project should take a bit of time to do. Although it is not a very advanced project, we can not stress it enough that you take your time and be neat with putting it together and testing it. The more time you take with putting this board together, the less mistakes you are going to make and the happier you will be with the results. The less mistakes you make, the less time you will spend banging your head against the wall for making those stupid mistakes. Before starting, READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS. If you purchase the kit, check to make sure that all the parts in the parts list NOT marked "OPTIONAL" are in the kit that you ordered. 8a. SOLDERING TIPS: For those of you that have never soldered on a printed circuit board before, this paragraph will give you a few tips to help you through this task. First of all, if you have a low cost soldering iron, let the soldering iron heat up for at least ten minutes prior to soldering. When soldering, it is always a good idea to keep the tip of your iron clean. Clean the tip with a damp cloth before each pass with the iron. When soldering on a board like this, it is best to use a small and pointed soldering iron tip. The most important thing to remember is what we call the "Ten Second Rule." This rule simply states that you DO NOT leave your iron touching the printed circuit board for more than ten seconds at a time. The reason for this is that if you let the hot iron sit on the board for more than ten seconds, you will probably lift a trace or a pad from the board because of the excess heat. Ten seconds is more than enough time to let the solder flow. If you must resolder a point on the board, let the board cool down before reapplying the iron, and use solder braid to remove any excess solder. Remember, whenever you solder, treat the board gently. When you solder, it is a good idea to always use a flux core solder. Another good tip to remember is to first place the iron at the point to be soldered THEN add solder to that point. DO NOT put too much solder at each point, put enough just to get the job done. In case you haven't read this whole document section 11 contains tips on building The Two Meg Agnus Project. You might want to go read that now and continue with section 8b. when you are done. 8b. GETTING READY: There are some drawings included within this archive that may help you put this project together (see the first section of this file for their names and what they are pictures of). You may look at them with any program that displays standard Amiga IFF ILBM pictures, and you may print them out so that you have them at hand. Now we will begin putting The Two Meg Agnus Project together. Assemble the TTMAP board by simply following the steps below. You may check off each number as you perform each step. If you receive a board that has one or more of the following steps already completed (for example, if the board already has the PLCC plug soldered in) simply check off that step and go on to the next one. Be sure to read and understand all the assembly and installation steps before starting. Throughout this article we make reference to the Amiga 2000. The Amiga 2000 and Amiga 2500 are the exact same machines except that the 2500 has a 68020 or 68030 accelerator board installed in the processor slot. If you have an Amiga 2500 then simply follow the directions for the 2000. Ok, here we go! [ ] 8.1 Using a multi-meter or a continuity checker (see the file TTMAP50D_PROBES.IFF) and also using the schematics (see the files TTMAP50D_SCHEMATIC1.IFF and TTMAP50D_SCHEMATIC2.IFF), check the printed circuit board for proper connections, opens, and shorts. If no problem is found continue to the next step. If a problem is found double check the board and verify the problem, if the problem still exists contact us. [ ] 8.2 Insert the 84 pin PLCC PLUG into the printed circuit board at location P1 on the silkscreen side with the part aligned properly with the diagonal corner and the arrow (pin 1). Because of the closeness of the pins and the large number of pins, the part will go in VERY snug. (If this part has been installed for you then go to step 8.4). When you have properly completed this step go on to the next step. [ ] 8.3 Carefully solder the 84 pin PLCC PLUG into place using the tips in the "SOLDERING TIPS" section. Because these pins are very close together, use great care when soldering and try to use a very sharp soldering iron tip. After soldering this part to the board verify that all the connections are correct and no shorts exist. Use the multi-meter or continuity checker and a magnifying glass to check these connections. (If this part has been installed for you then simply go on to the next step). When you have properly completed this step go on to the next step. [ ] 8.4 Insert the 84 pin PLCC SOCKET into the printed circuit board at location U10 on the silkscreen side with the part aligned properly with the diagonal corner and the arrow (pin 1). When you have properly completed this step go on to the next step. [ ] 8.5 Carefully solder the 84 pin PLCC SOCKET into place using the tips in section 8a titled "SOLDERING TIPS". When you have properly completed this step go on to the next step. [ ] 8.6 One at a time, insert and solder the three 10 pin SIP resistor packs into the printed circuit board at locations RP1, RP2 and RP3 on the silkscreen side. Align the parts properly (Pin 1 of the resistor pack goes in the square pad of each location). When you have properly completed this step go on to the next step. [ ] 8.7 One at a time, insert and solder the capacitors into the printed circuit board at locations C1 thru C9 on the silkscreen side of the board. The capacitors are not polarized therefore they can be installed in any direction. When you have properly completed this step go on to the next step. [ ] 8.8 Assemble the clip lead assembly as shown in the diagram TTMAP50D_CLIP.IFF. (If the clip lead comes already assembled then go on to the next step). When you have properly completed this step go on to the next step. [ ] 8.9 Feed the stripped end of the wire into the strain relief hole at the A20 location FROM the SOLDER side of the board. (The strain relief hole is the larger of the two holes). Feed it about half way to give yourself room for the next step. When you have properly completed this step go on to the next step. [ ] 8.10 Insert the tinned wire into the solder pad at the A20 location on the silkscreen side and solder it to the board from the solder side. (The solder pad is the the smaller of the two holes). When you have properly completed this step go on to the next step. [ ] 8.11 One at a time, insert and solder the RAM chips into the printed circuit board at locations U1 thru U8 on the silkscreen side of the board. Make sure the parts are aligned properly. (Pin 1 of each chip goes in the square pad at each location). The RAM chips are very sensitive to heat and static; do not overheat the pins when soldering, and ground yourself before handling them. When you have properly completed this step go on to the next step. [ ] 8.12 Insert and solder the 24 pin PAL into the printed circuit board at location U9 on the silkscreen side of the board. Align the IC properly (Pin 1 of the chip goes in the square pad of the location). Make sure that you do not bend any pins when you insert the chip. When you have properly completed this step go on on to the next step. [ ] 8.13 Install the 2 meg Agnus chip into the 84 pin PLCC socket at location U10. Be sure to align the Agnus chip so that the diagonal corner of both the IC and the socket are the same. Once the Agnus chip is installed go on to the next step. [ ] 8.14 Recheck all of the previous steps and verify that they were done properly. [ ] Check board for proper connections. [ ] 84 pin PLCC plug installed. [ ] 84 pin PLCC socket installed. [ ] Three resistor packs installed. [ ] Nine capacitors installed. [ ] Clip lead assembly installed. [ ] Eight RAM chips installed. [ ] PAL installed. [ ] 2 meg Agnus installed. Now go to section 9, "INSTALLATION OF THE TWO MEG AGNUS PROJECT". ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 9. INSTALLATION OF THE TWO MEG AGNUS PROJECT: [ ] 9.1 The first step to installing the TTMAP board is to go to the proper step and disassemble your computer. If you have an Amiga 500 GO TO STEP 9.2. If you have an Amiga 2000 or 2500 GO TO STEP 9.20. If you have an Amiga 600, 1000, 1200, 3000, 4000, CDTV, or CD32 you are obviously lost, go to the section on compatibility. If you have a 5000 then you're all set and you have one of the hottest computers around! [ ] 9.2 First determine if you have an Amiga 500 with 512K, or 1 meg of chip RAM. To do this boot up your computer, open a CLI and type "avail" then press return. Look under the "Maximum" column and on the "Chip" row to see the amount of chip RAM you have. If the number starts with a 5 and is six digits long (like "523264") then you have 512K of chip RAM (IF YOU HAVE 512K OF CHIP RAM THEN YOU ALSO NEED TO HAVE 512K OF 'FAST' RAM IN THE BELLY SLOT OR THIS PROJECT WILL NOT WORK). If the number starts with a 1 and is seven digits long (like "1047552") then you have 1 meg of chip RAM. Once you have confirmed the size of your memory, remember if it is 512K or 1 meg, then go on to the next step. [ ] 9.3 With power disconnected and the 500 upside down, remove the six screws holding the case together with a #10 torx driver. Go on to the next step. [ ] 9.4 Carefully place the 500 right side up and carefully remove the top cover. Put the cover aside and go on to the next step. [ ] 9.5 Disconnect the keyboard harness from the motherboard (remember which direction it went in) and disconnect the ground strap from the drive. Go on to the next step. [ ] 9.6 Remove the keyboard assembly from the computer. Put the keyboard aside and go on to the next step. [ ] 9.7 Using a pliers, bend up the four tabs that hold the shield. Then remove the four screws that also hold the shield. The shield should come out by lifting it straight up. Put the shield aside and go on to the next step. [ ] 9.8 At this time you must remove the old Agnus chip that is in your machine. It is the square 84 pin PLCC chip located to the right of the 40 pin ROM chip and the 64 pin 68000 chip. To remove the Agnus chip you need a special PLCC extractor (see the TTMAP50D_PARTS1.IFF FILE). Do not pry the chip out with a screwdriver because this will damage the PLCC socket. Once the old Agnus is removed put it away and go on to the next step. [ ] 9.9 There are many different versions of the 500 motherboard. At this point you will need to determine which version and type of Amiga 500 you have. If you have an Amiga 500 with 512K of chip RAM, REV 5 and lower, then go to step 9.10. If you have an Amiga 500 with 512K of chip RAM, REV 6 and higher, then go to step 9.13. If you have an Amiga 500 with 1 meg of chip RAM, any revision, then go to step 9.16. 9a. FOR A REVISION 5 AND BELOW AMIGA 500 WITH 512K CHIP RAM: [ ] 9.10 Locate JP2 on the left side of the 40 pin ROM socket. Using a sharp X-Acto Knife or similar item, cut the trace connecting the bottom and center pads. Then solder the top and center pads together. Doing this will enable the A19 line from the 68000 to the Agnus socket. Go on to the next step. [ ] 9.11 Locate the RAM expansion bus connector CNX. Pins 1 and 2 are on the bottom row and pins 55 and 56 are on the top row. On this connector the odd numbered pins are on the outside and the even numbered pins are on the inside. Locate pins 41 and 42 by counting from back to front 8 rows. About 1/8" to the left is a solder pad with a trace which runs straight up, parallel with the white silkscreen line designating the CNX connector outline. This trace should connect between pin 32 of CNX and pin 32 of Gary. Using a sharp X-Acto or similar item, cut this trace just above the pad. This line controls the *EXRAM signal. Make sure you do not cut any other traces on the motherboard. Go on to the next step. [ ] 9.12 If you do not have a 512K RAM board plugged into the CNX expansion bus (the belly slot under the 500) you must do this now. At this point your machine is compatible with the 1 meg Agnus and 2 meg Agnus board. Once you have installed the 512K RAM expansion card GO TO STEP 9.16. 9b. FOR A REVISION 6 AND ABOVE AMIGA 500 WITH 512K CHIP RAM: [ ] 9.13 Locate JP2 on the left side of the 40 pin ROM socket. Using a sharp X-Acto Knife or similar item cut the trace connecting the bottom and center pads. Then solder the top and center pads together. Doing this will enable the A19 line from the 68000 to the Agnus socket. Go on to the next step. [ ] 9.14 Locate jumper JP7A to the left of the CNX expansion bus connector. Using a sharp X-Acto Knife or similar item cut the trace connecting the bottom and center pads. Once this trace is cut you do not have to do anything else to this jumper. Make sure you do not cut any other traces on the motherboard. Go on to the next step. [ ] 9.15 If you do not have a 512K RAM board plugged into the CNX expansion bus (the belly slot under the 500) you must do this now. At this point your machine is compatible with the 1 meg Agnus and 2 meg Agnus board. Go on to the next step. [ ] 9.16 At this point your machine should have 1 meg of chip RAM. With this configuration you are now able to install the TTMAP board. The first thing that you must do is line up pin 1 of the TTMAP board's PLCC plug (P1) with pin 1 of the Agnus socket on the motherboard of the 500. The orientation of pin 1 on the motherboard's Agnus socket is different on each version of the motherboard. On the revision 5 and below motherboards pin 1 is located towards the front of the machine. On revision 6 and above motherboards pin 1 is located to the right of the machine. In all cases the slanted corner of both the PLCC plug and the Agnus socket must line up. Once the board is properly lined up, firmly seat it down in place so that it completely sits in the PLCC socket. Go on to the next step. [ ] 9.17 Once the TTMAP board is seated in the Agnus socket you must connect the clip lead to pin 36 of the GARY chip or pin 48 of the 68000 chip. See the file TTMAP50D_PARTS2.IFF for a picture showing which pins to connect to. If the notch on the chip faces left then pin 1 is at the bottom left corner, if it faces right then pin 1 is on the top right corner. Now counting in a counter clockwise direction from pin 1 you should be able to find the pin you want to connect to. Make sure that this clip is attached properly so that it is not touching any other pin and it will not pop off the pin it is attached to when the computer is closed. Go on to the next step. [ ] 9.18 After you have installed the TTMAP board and connected the clip lead, you should now recheck the installation. [ ] Traces are all properly cut and reconnected if needed. [ ] The TTMAP board is installed properly with the correct orientation and is firmly seated. [ ] The clip lead is properly attached to Gary pin 36 or to the 68000 pin 48. If all of the above check out okay then go on to the next step. [ ] 9.19 You can now re-assemble your computer. Putting your computer back together involves reversing the disassembly instructions above in steps 9.3 thru 9.7. First reinstall the shield then attach it with its four screws and bend down the tabs. Next, seat the keyboard back inside the computer and connect the keyboard's harness to the motherboard with the black wire to the left. Attach the ground strap from the keyboard to the disk drive. Place the cover over the top of the computer and snap it in place. Gently turn the computer over then insert and tighten the four torx screws. Now that your computer is re- assembled GO TO STEP 10.1 of section 10 "TESTING THE COMPUTER WITH THE 2 MEG AGNUS INSTALLED". 9c. INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE 2000 SYSTEMS: [ ] 9.20 First determine if you have an Amiga 2000 with 512K or 1 meg of chip RAM. To do this boot up your computer, open a CLI and type "avail" then press return. Look under the "Maximum" column and on the "Chip" row to see the amount of chip RAM you have. If the number starts with a 5 and is six digits long (like "523264") then you have 512K of chip RAM (IF YOU HAVE 512K OF CHIP RAM THEN YOU ALSO NEED TO HAVE 512K OF 'FAST' RAM ON THE MOTHERBOARD OR THIS PROJECT WILL NOT WORK). If the number starts with a 1 and is seven digits long (like "1047552") then you have 1 meg of chip RAM. Once you have confirmed the size of your memory, remember if it is 512K or 1 meg, and go on to the next step. [ ] 9.21 With the power off and all connections removed from the computer, remove the cover of the 2000 by taking out the five screws holding the cover to the body of the computer. Take the cover off by sliding it toward the front and up. Place the cover aside and go on to the next step. [ ] 9.22 Remove the power supply and disk drive assembly by taking out the seven screws holding it to the body. You should also disconnect the power supply and drive cables from the motherboard. Place the power supply and disk drive assembly aside and go on to the next step. [ ] 9.23 Now we will remove the old Agnus chip that is in your machine. This square 84 pin PLCC chip is located to the right and up from the 64 pin 68000 chip and above the 40 pin ROM chip. To remove the Agnus chip you need a special PLCC extractor (see the file TTMAP50D_PARTS1.IFF). Do not pry the chip out with a screwdriver because this will damage the PLCC socket. Once the old Agnus is removed go on to the next step. [ ] 9.24 There are different versions of the 2000 motherboard. At this point, using the information that you got in step 9.20, you will need to determine which version and type of Amiga 2000 you have. If you have an Amiga 2000 with 512K of chip RAM and 512K of fast RAM on the motherboard then GO TO STEP 9.25. If you have an Amiga 2000 with 1 meg of chip RAM then GO TO STEP 9.27. If you have an Amiga 2000 with a total of 512K of chip RAM and no fast RAM on your motherboard then you cannot do this modification to your machine at this time; go to the section on compatibility. 9d. FOR AN AMIGA 2000 WITH 512K OF CHIP RAM AND 512K OF FAST RAM ON THE MOTHERBOARD. [ ] 9.25 Locate jumper pad J500 which is to the lower left of one of the 8520 chips. This is a two pad jumper with a trace connecting the two pads. Using a sharp X-Acto knife or similar item, cut the trace connecting these two pads. Be careful not to cut any other traces. Cutting this trace keeps the *EXRAM signal from being tied to ground. Once this has been completed go on to the next step. [ ] 9.26 Locate jumper pad J101 which is to the lower right of the power connector. Move the shorting block so that pins 2 and 3 are connected. Doing this will enable the A19 address line to the Agnus socket. Once you have done this go on to the next step. [ ] 9.27 At this point your machine should have 1 meg of chip RAM. With this configuration you are now able to install the TTMAP board. The first thing that you must do is line up pin 1 of the TTMAP board's PLCC plug (P1) with pin 1 of Agnus' 84 pin PLCC socket on the motherboard. The orientation of pin 1 on the motherboard's Agnus socket is located on the right side of the Agnus socket. Make sure that the slanted corner of both the PLCC plug and the Agnus socket line up. Once the board is properly lined up, firmly seat it down in place. Go on to the next step. [ ] 9.28 Once the TTMAP board is seated in the motherboard's Agnus socket you must connect the clip lead to pin 36 of the GARY chip or pin 48 of the 68000 chip. See TTMAP50D_PARTS2.IFF for a picture showing which pins to connect to. If the notch on the chip faces left then pin 1 is at the bottom left corner, if it faces right then pin 1 is on the top right corner. Now counting in a counter clockwise direction from pin 1 you should be able to find the pin you want to connect to. Make sure that this clip is attached properly so that it is not touching any other pin and it will not pop off the pin it is attached to when the computer is closed. Go on to the next step. [ ] 9.29 After you have installed the TTMAP board and connected the clip lead you should now recheck the installation. [ ] Traces are all properly cut and reconnected if needed. [ ] The TTMAP board is installed properly with the correct orientation and is firmly seated. [ ] The clip lead is properly attached to Gary pin 36 or to the 68000 pin 48. If all of the above check out okay then go on to the next step. [ ] 9.30 You can now re-assemble your computer. Putting your computer back together involves reversing the disassembly instructions above in steps 9.21 and 9.22. First reconnect the power connector and the ribbon cable from the power supply and disk drive assembly, to the motherboard. Carefully place the power supply and disk drive assembly back into the computer's body, then replace the seven screws that mount the supply to the body of the computer. Next replace the cover over the body of the computer and replace the five cover screws. Now that your computer is re-assembled GO TO STEP 10.1 of section 10 "TESTING THE COMPUTER WITH THE TWO MEG AGNUS INSTALLED". ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 10. TESTING THE COMPUTER WITH THE TWO MEG AGNUS INSTALLED: [ ] 10.1 The first thing you should do is set up your computer so that you can test it and make sure that the modifications were done correctly. After you have set up your computer, boot it up. After booting up, open up a CLI and type in "avail" then press return. Look under the "Maximum" column and on the "Chip" row to see the amount of chip RAM you have. If the number starts with a 2 and is seven digits long (like "2096128") then you have 2 megs of chip ram. Using a memory testing program verify that the memory on both the motherboard and the TTMAP board is operating correctly. If everything tests okay you are now done and the modification was done correctly. If the modification is not working properly go to section 13 "TROUBLESHOOTING THE TWO MEG AGNUS PROJECT". Once you have confirmed that the modification was done properly and the computer is operating correctly, you can now have fun with your 2 megs of chip RAM. There are no more steps. You have now successfully completed this project. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 11. TIPS FOR BUILDING THE TWO MEG AGNUS PROJECT: When building projects like this for the first time, it is very easy to make mistakes and errors. We've built many electronic projects and have found many different ways of doing things that save both time and headaches. We have already built a few of these kits so that we could get a good feel of what needs to be done in order to make this a smooth and easy project to put together. Below we have put together a few tips that should help you greatly in putting this kit together. A few of them are repeats from what was said earlier in the text. 1. Make sure all the parts NOT marked "OPTIONAL" in the parts list are in the kit that you ordered. 2. Read all instructions before you ever start a project so that you can get a feel of what you will need to do. 3. Do not try to finish the project in one sitting. If you rush through it you will probably make some mistakes. 4. Plan out how you are going to do something before you do it. 5. Allow the soldering iron to heat up prior to starting and keep the tip of the iron clean with a damp cloth. 6. Do not put blobs of solder on the board. Put only enough solder to get the job done. The solder should flow between the pad and the component's lead. 7. When soldering, do not allow the iron to stay on the board for more than ten seconds at a time. 8. It is a good idea to tin a wire with solder right after its been stripped so that the fine strands of wire don't break off or frizz out. 9. Before turning on the power, always check for bent pins and proper alignment after installing ICs. 10. Because the inside of your computer is a static sensitive environment, do not touch any parts inside your computer unless you have grounded yourself. To ground yourself simply touch the grounded case of your computer or attach yourself to a grounded strap. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 12. OPTIONAL EXTRAS FOR THE TWO MEG AGNUS PROJECT: 1. 2 Megabyte Agnus Chip 8372B This is the driving force behind The Two Meg Agnus Project (well, not really, the circuit and PAL really are, but anyway...) This chip is required in order to use The Two Meg Agnus Project, and fits into the PLCC socket on the board. 2. PLCC Extractor This is a special tool for removing the Agnus chip from the motherboard. To use this device simply insert the tabs of the device into the slots of the socket and squeeze. The Agnus chip will easily pop out. See the file TTMAP50D_PARTS1.IFF. This extractor is good for all sizes of PLCC devices you may come across. 3. 68000 Socket Extender On Amiga 500s many people have accelerator cards or RAM cards that sit in the 68000 socket of their motherboard. This configuration could cause a physical conflict with the installation of the TTMAP board because of where the Agnus socket sits on the motherboard. The socket extender, when installed, will simply raise the accelerator and/or RAM card so that the TTMAP board can sit in the Agnus socket below with (hopefully) no conflicts. This extender should be used if you find that the two boards physically conflict with each other. The socket extender raises the accelerator, RAM, or any other expansion card you may have sitting in the 68000 socket approximately 1/8" (3mm). You should also use an insulator sheet with this extender. 4. Insulator Sheet This insulator sheet is to be placed between the TTMAP board and any accelerator and/or RAM board sitting in the 68000 socket. The purpose of this sheet is to keep the two boards from touching each other in this tight configuration. 5. IC DIP Sockets If you would like to have the PAL chip placed in a socket, you may do so ONLY if your machine's motherboard allows you to. On some machines putting the PAL in a socket causes the PAL to hit another device on the motherboard. This does not let the TTMAP board sit properly in the Agnus socket. Verify the clearance before you do this. We recommend soldering the PAL straight to the board, this makes it compatible with all machines. The RAM chips can NOT be placed in sockets. This is because they will hit other devices on the motherboard no matter which version or type of machine you have. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 13. TROUBLESHOOTING THE TWO MEG AGNUS PROJECT This section will help you pinpoint any problems that you may have in trying to get The TTMAP board to work. Problem: After re-assembling the machine the computer will not power-on. Solution: Check to make sure all connections to the machine are correct. Check to make sure the computer is plugged in. Check to make sure you paid your electric bill. Problem: With the TTMAP board installed, typing in the command "avail" only shows the maximum chip RAM to be 1 meg. Solution: Verify that the clip lead is properly connected to either Gary pin 36 or to the 68000 pin 48. If this connection is not made you will only get 1 meg of chip RAM. Make sure that the TTMAP board is properly seated in the Agnus socket. Problem: The computer will not boot-up properly. It either locks up or gives a green or blue screen. Solution: Verify that the clip lead is properly connected to either Gary pin 36 or to the 68000 pin 48. Make sure that the TTMAP board is seated properly. Make sure that the clip lead is not shorting any other pins. Make sure that the 2 meg Agnus chip is seated properly in the PLCC socket on the TTMAP board. Make sure all the parts on the TTMAP board are installed properly. Problem: None of the solutions above helped to solve the problem. Solution: Review all of the instructions and verify that you did everything correctly. Then contact us at the addresses shown below by either E- mail or postal. When the Amiga resets, the screen flashes a few different colors. Those colors indicate whether there are problems or not, and also indicates where the problem might be. Here is a list of the possible colors and what they mean. Dark Gray Hardware OK Light Gray Software OK Red Bad ROM Checksum Green Bad RAM Blue Bad Custom Chips Yellow Exception To further help in solving problems, here is a list of the steps the computer takes upon a reset. This can help you get an idea of where the computer is crashing depending upon the color of the screen. - Clear Chips (screen turns blue on a custom chip failure) - Disable DMA and Interrupts - Clear the Screen - Check the Hardware - Pass/Fail the Hardware to the Screen (Dark Gray=OK, Blue=bad) - System Setup - Test the RAM - Pass/Fail the RAM to the Screen (Green=bad) - Check the Software - Pass/Fail the software to the screen (Light Gray=OK, Yellow=bad) - Set Up the RAM - Link the Libraries - Find External RAM and Link it to the list - Set up Interrupts and DMA - Start Default Task - Check for 68010, 68020, 68030, 68040, 68881, 68882 - Check for an Exception (yellow screen if found and 'Software Failure' handler not set up) - System Reset ---------------------------------------------------------------------- If you have any problems or questions we can be reached over the modem at: INET: ttmaphelp@struad.cts.com or through the mail at: Structured Applications & Designs, Inc. TTMAP - Questions and Comments P.O. Box 60414 San Diego, CA 92166 USA ---------------------------------------------------------------------- LOOK FOR THESE AND OTHER PROJECTS FROM US The Multi-Kickstart Board Project rev 3.1 (TMKBP) - RELEASED The Multi-Kickstart Board Project allows the user of an Amiga 500, 2000, or 2500 to switch between 3 different versions of the operating system via an external switch. These versions of the operating system are contained on ROM chips that are normally plugged into the computer motherboard. This archive can be found on Fred Fish disk #587 as "TMKBP.lzh". It is also on BIX and Genie under the name "TMKBP31.lzh". This archive is also on Aminet, the Amiga ftp section. There the archive can be found in /pub/aminet/hard/hack/romswitcher31.lzh. The Multi-Kickstart Board Project - PiggyBack rev 1.0 (TMKBP-PB) -SOON The Multi-Kickstart Board PiggyBack is an addition to our TMKBP project for the 500, 2000, and 2500 that adds the ability to switch operating system versions via the keyboard. The Two Meg Agnus Project rev 5.0D4 (TTMAP) - RELEASED The Two Meg Agnus Project increases the amount of "chip" RAM in an Amiga 500, 2000, or 2500 to 2 megabytes. If you are continuously running out of graphics memory, then this is for you. The archive called "2MegAgnus50d1.lha" will be on a Fish Disk but at this time the disk number is undetermined; it will be somewhere between disk 900 and 1000. The archive is also on BIX and Genie under the name "2MegAgnus50d1.lha". It is also on Aminet, the Amiga ftp section. There it can be found in /pub/aminet/hard/hack/2megagnus50d4.lha.